meradsi ح. Trade openness is an entry point for economic integration and regional economic protection. Journal of Economic and Financial Research, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 1, p. 172–191, 2024. Disponível em: https://review.univ-oeb.dz/ojs.ecfi/index.php/jefr/article/view/84. Acesso em: 18 dec. 2025.