Monte Carlo simulation on heterogeneous phantom and physical dose calculation on heterogeneous organ

Abstract

Surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy are now the common cancer treatment techniques. In radiation therapy, lung cancer is
associated with local control rates very low. The difficulty of this type of treatment is to irradiate relatively radio resistant lung lesions very
radio-sensitive. Thus, the issue of adequate therapeutic doses is often limited by the size of the target volume in order to keep the risk of
complications to an acceptable level. Radiotherapy of lung tumors is sully by many uncertainties that must be considerate by the safety
margins, implying an increase in the size of the target volume. The challenge is to implement methods to reduce uncertainties, and
therefore the size of the target volumes. In addition, the protontherapy may better spare the healthy tissues relative to the X-ray
radiotherapy.It is necessary to carry out the study of the impact of heterogeneity on the position of the Bragg peak and the absorbed dose
in the target volume to be able to perform processing in protontherapy. For this we used the simulation in different phantoms based on
Geant4 code to better appreciate the need of this therapy.